What term describes the loss of service due to component outages?

The term that describes the loss of service due to component outages is "interruption." This term specifically refers to a transient event where the electrical service is disrupted due to an outage of a component within the system. It indicates that there is a temporary cessation of service, which can occur for various reasons such as maintenance, faults, or equipment failures.

In contrast, a blackout refers to a complete loss of power across a large area and is somewhat broader than just an interruption of service caused by specific components. Failure generally refers to the malfunction or breakdown of a particular piece of equipment but does not alone indicate the impact on service. Downtime can also refer to periods when systems are not operational, but it encompasses extended outages and maintenance periods rather than the immediate loss of service due to a specific issue. Thus, "interruption" accurately captures the essence of a service loss due to component outages.